Calculus 8th Edition

Published by Cengage
ISBN 10: 1285740629
ISBN 13: 978-1-28574-062-1

Chapter 2 - Derivatives - 2.4 Derivatives of Trigonometric Functions - 2.4 Exercises - Page 151: 34

Answer

$$ x=\frac{7\pi }{6}+2\pi n,\:x=\frac{11\pi }{6}+2\pi n $$

Work Step by Step

Given $$ y=\frac{\cos x}{2+\sin x} $$ Since \begin{aligned} \frac{dy}{dx}&= \frac{\frac{d}{dx}\left(\cos \left(x\right)\right)\left(2+\sin \left(x\right)\right)-\frac{d}{dx}\left(2+\sin \left(x\right)\right)\cos \left(x\right)}{\left(2+\sin \left(x\right)\right)^2}\\ &= \frac{\left(-\sin \left(x\right)\right)\left(2+\sin \left(x\right)\right)-\cos \left(x\right)\cos \left(x\right)}{\left(2+\sin \left(x\right)\right)^2}\\ &= \frac{-\sin \left(x\right)\left(2+\sin \left(x\right)\right)-\cos ^2\left(x\right)}{\left(2+\sin \left(x\right)\right)^2} \end{aligned} The tangent is horizontal when $y'=0 $, then \begin{aligned} y'&=0\\ -\sin(x)(2+\sin x)-\cos^2(x)&=0 \\ -2\sin(x)-\sin^2(x)-(1-\sin^2(x))&=0\\ -2\sin(x)-1&=0\\ \sin(x)&=\frac{-1}{2} \end{aligned} It follows that $$ x=\frac{7\pi }{6}\ \ \ \ \ ,\:x=\frac{11\pi }{6}$$ and the general $$ x=\frac{7\pi }{6}+2\pi n,\:x=\frac{11\pi }{6}+2\pi n $$
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