Calculus, 10th Edition (Anton)

Published by Wiley
ISBN 10: 0-47064-772-8
ISBN 13: 978-0-47064-772-1

Chapter 13 - Partial Derivatives - 13.5 The Chain Rule - Exercises Set 13.5 - Page 957: 30

Answer

$\frac{∂w}{∂x} = \frac{3}{2}( 3x^2 + 2)(\sqrt(x-1))[39x^3-30x^2 + 10x-4 ]$

Work Step by Step

Given that, $w = 3xy^2z^3,$ $ y = 3x^2 + 2, $ $z = \sqrt(x-1)$ Now calculate the partial derivatives $\frac{∂y}{∂x}$ and $\frac{∂z}{∂x}.$ $\frac{∂y}{∂x} = \frac{∂}{∂x}[3x^2 + 2]$ $\frac{∂y}{∂x} = 3.2x$ $\frac{∂y}{∂x} = 6x$ $\frac{∂z}{∂x} = \frac{∂}{∂x}[ \sqrt(x-1)]$ $\frac{∂z}{∂x} = \frac{1}{2\sqrt(x-1)}$ Now again calculate the partial derivatives $\frac{∂w}{∂x},\frac{∂w}{∂y}$ and $\frac{∂w}{∂z}.$ $\frac{∂w}{∂x} = \frac{∂}{∂x}[3xy^2z^3]$ $\frac{∂w}{∂x} = 3y^2z^3$ [Considering $y$ and $z$ as constants] $\frac{∂w}{∂y} = \frac{∂}{∂y}[3xy^2z^3]$ $\frac{∂w}{∂y} = 3xz^3.2y$ [Considering $x$ and $z$ as constants] $\frac{∂w}{∂y} = 6xyz^3$ $\frac{∂w}{∂z} = \frac{∂}{∂z}[3xy^2z^3]$ $\frac{∂w}{∂z} = 3xy^2.3z^2$ [Considering $x$ and $y$ as constants] $\frac{∂w}{∂z} = 9xy^2z^2$ According to the chain rule for derivatives $\frac{∂w}{∂x} = \frac{∂w}{∂x}+\frac{∂w}{∂y}\frac{∂y}{∂x}+\frac{∂w}{∂z}\frac{∂z}{∂x}$ $\frac{∂w}{∂x} = [3y^2z^3] + [6xyz^3][6x] + [9xy^2z^2][\frac{1}{2\sqrt(x-1)}]$ $\frac{∂w}{∂x} = [3y^2z^3] + [36x^2yz^3] + [9xy^2z^2][\frac{1}{2\sqrt(x-1)}]$ $\frac{∂w}{∂x} = [3y^2z^3] + [36x^2yz^3] + [9xy^2z^2][\frac{1}{2z}]$ [As $ z=\sqrt(x-1)]$ $\frac{∂w}{∂x} = [3y^2z^3] + [36x^2yz^3] + [9xy^2z][\frac{1}{2}]$ $\frac{∂w}{∂x} = [\frac{3}{2}yz][2yz^2 + 24x^2z^2 + 3xy]$ --(i) Now if we put the values of $ y$ and $z$ in (i) we get, $\frac{∂w}{∂x} = [\frac{3}{2}( 3x^2 + 2)(\sqrt(x-1))][2( 3x^2 + 2)(\sqrt(x-1))^2 + 24x^2(\sqrt(x-1))^2 + 3x( 3x^2 + 2)]$ $\frac{∂w}{∂x} = \frac{3}{2}( 3x^2 + 2)(\sqrt(x-1))[2( 3x^2 + 2)(x-1) + 24x^2(x-1) + 3x( 3x^2 + 2)]$ $\frac{∂w}{∂x} = \frac{3}{2}( 3x^2 + 2)(\sqrt(x-1))[( 6x^2 + 4)(x-1) + 24x^3-24x^2 + 9x^3 + 6x]$ $\frac{∂w}{∂x} = \frac{3}{2}( 3x^2 + 2)(\sqrt(x-1))[6x^3-6x^2 + 4x-4 + 24x^3-24x^2 + 9x^3 + 6x]$ $\frac{∂w}{∂x} = \frac{3}{2}( 3x^2 + 2)(\sqrt(x-1))[39x^3-30x^2 + 10x-4 ]$
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