Differential Equations and Linear Algebra (4th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0-32196-467-5
ISBN 13: 978-0-32196-467-0

Chapter 7 - Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors - 7.1 The Eigenvalue/Eigenvector Problem - Problems - Page 445: 48

Answer

See below

Work Step by Step

1. Find eigenvalues: (A-$\lambda$I)$\vec{V}$=$\vec{0}$ $\begin{bmatrix} 1-\lambda & 1 & 1 \\ 3 & -1-\lambda & 2\\ 3 & 1 & 4-\lambda \end{bmatrix}\begin{bmatrix} v_1\\ v_2 \\ v_3 \end{bmatrix}=\begin{bmatrix} 0\\ 0 \\ 0 \end{bmatrix}$ $\begin{bmatrix} 1-\lambda & 1 & 1 \\ 3 & -1-\lambda & 2\\ 3 & 1 & 4-\lambda \end{bmatrix}=0$ $\lambda_1=3-\sqrt 6,\lambda_2=3+\sqrt 6, \lambda_3=-2$ 2. Find eigenvectors: For $\lambda=3-\sqrt 6$ let $B=A-\lambda_1I$ $B=\begin{bmatrix} -2+\sqrt 6 & 1 & 1 \\ 3 & -4+\sqrt 6 & 1\\ 1 & 1 & 1+\sqrt 6 \end{bmatrix}=\begin{bmatrix} 0\\ 0 \\ 0 \end{bmatrix} $ Let $r$ be free variables. $\vec{V}=r(\sqrt 6,\sqrt 6-1,\sqrt 6-5)\\ E_1=\{(\sqrt 6,\sqrt 6-1,\sqrt 6-5)\} \\ \rightarrow dim(E_2)=1$ For $\lambda=3+\sqrt 6$ let $B=A-\lambda_1I$ $B=\begin{bmatrix} -2-\sqrt 6 & 1 & 1 \\ 3 & -4-\sqrt 6 & 1\\ 1 & 1 & 1-\sqrt 6 \end{bmatrix}=\begin{bmatrix} 0\\ 0 \\ 0 \end{bmatrix} $ Let $s$ be free variables. $\vec{V}=s(\sqrt 6,\sqrt 6+1,\sqrt 6+5)\\ E_2=\{(\sqrt 6,\sqrt 6+1,\sqrt 6+5)\} \\ \rightarrow dim(E_2)=1$ For $\lambda=-2$ let $B=A-\lambda_1I$ $B=\begin{bmatrix} 3 & 1 & 1 \\ 3 & 1 & 1\\ 3 & 1 & 6 \end{bmatrix}=\begin{bmatrix} 0\\ 0 \\ 0 \end{bmatrix} $ Let $t$ be free variables. $\vec{V}=t(-1,3,0)\\ E_3=\{(\sqrt 6,\sqrt 6-1,\sqrt 6-5)\} \\ \rightarrow dim(E_2)=1$
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