Differential Equations and Linear Algebra (4th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0-32196-467-5
ISBN 13: 978-0-32196-467-0

Chapter 7 - Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors - 7.1 The Eigenvalue/Eigenvector Problem - Problems - Page 445: 47

Answer

See below

Work Step by Step

1. Find eigenvalues: (A-$\lambda$I)$\vec{V}$=$\vec{0}$ $\begin{bmatrix} 4-\lambda & 1 & 1 \\ 1 & 4-\lambda & 1\\ 1 & 1 & 4-\lambda \end{bmatrix}\begin{bmatrix} v_1\\ v_2 \\ v_3 \end{bmatrix}=\begin{bmatrix} 0\\ 0 \\ 0 \end{bmatrix}$ $\begin{bmatrix} 4-\lambda & 1 & 1 \\ 1 & 4-\lambda & 1\\ 1 & 1 & 4-\lambda \end{bmatrix}=0$ $(\lambda-3)^2(\lambda-6)=0$ $\lambda_1=\lambda_2=3, \lambda_3=6$ 2. Find eigenvectors: For $\lambda=3$ let $B=A-\lambda_1I$ $B=\begin{bmatrix} 4-\lambda & 1 & 1 \\ 1 & 4-\lambda & 1\\ 1 & 1 & 4-\lambda \end{bmatrix}=\begin{bmatrix} 0\\ 0 \\ 0 \end{bmatrix} $ Let $r,s$ be free variables. $\vec{V}=r(1,0,-1)+s(0,1,-1)\\ E_1=\{(1,0,-1);(0,1,-1)\} \\ \rightarrow dim(E_2)=2$ For $\lambda=6$ let $B=A-\lambda_1I$ $B=\begin{bmatrix} -2 & 1 & 1 \\ 1 & -2 & 1 \\ 1 & 1 & -2 \end{bmatrix}=\begin{bmatrix} 0\\ 0 \end{bmatrix} $ Let $t$ be a free variable. $\vec{V}=t(1,1,1)\\ E_2=\{(1,1,1)\} \\ \rightarrow dim(E_2)=1$
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