Differential Equations and Linear Algebra (4th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0-32196-467-5
ISBN 13: 978-0-32196-467-0

Chapter 2 - Matrices and Systems of Linear Equations - 2.6 The Inverse of a Square Matrix - Problems - Page 177: 10

Answer

$A^{-1}=\begin{bmatrix} 8 & -29 & 3\\ -5 & 19 & -2\\ 2 & -8 & 1 \end{bmatrix}$

Work Step by Step

Given: $A=\begin{bmatrix} 3 & 5 & 1\\ 1& 2 & 1\\ 2 & 6 & 7 \end{bmatrix}$ Using the Gauss-Jordan method we get: $\begin{bmatrix} 3 & 5 & 1 | 1 & 0 & 0\\ 1& 2 & 1 | 0 & 1 & 0\\ 2 & 6 & 7 | 0 & 0 & 1 \end{bmatrix} \approx^1 \begin{bmatrix} 1& 2 & 1 | 0 & 1 & 0\\ 3 & 5 & 1 | 1 & 0 & 0\\ 2 & 6 & 7 | 0 & 0 & 1 \end{bmatrix} \approx^2 \begin{bmatrix} 1& 2 & 1 | 0 & 1& 0\\ 0 & -1 & -2| 1 & -3 & 0\\ 0 & 2 & 5 | 0 & -2 & 1 \end{bmatrix} \approx^3 \begin{bmatrix} 1& 2 & 1 | 0 & 1 & 0\\ 0 & 1 & 2| -1 & 3 & 0\\ 0 & 2 & 5 | 0 & -2 & 1 \end{bmatrix} \approx^4 \begin{bmatrix} 1& 2 & 1 | 0 & 1 & 0\\ 0 & 1 & 2| -1& 3 & 0\\ 0 & 0 & 1 | 2 & -8 & 1 \end{bmatrix} \approx^5 \begin{bmatrix} 1& 2 & 0| -2 & 9 & -1\\ 0 & 1 & 0| -5 & 19 & -2\\ 0 & 0& 1 | 2 & -8 & 1 \end{bmatrix} \approx^6 \begin{bmatrix} 1& 0 & 0| 8& -29 & 3\\ 0 & 1 & 0|-5 & 19 & -2\\ 0 & 0& 1 | 2 & -8 & 1 \end{bmatrix}$ $1.P_{12}$ $2. A_{12}(-3),A_{13}(-2)$ $3. M_2(-1)$ $4. A_{23}(-2)$ $5.A_{32}(-2),A_{31}(-1)$ $6. A_{21}(-2)$ $\rightarrow A^{-1}=\begin{bmatrix} 8 & -29 & 3\\ -5 & 19 & -2\\ 2 & -8 & 1 \end{bmatrix}$ Hence $A^{-1}$ exists. Check the answer by verifying that $AA^{-1}=I_n$ $AA^{-1}=\begin{bmatrix} 3 & 5 & 1\\ 1& 2 & 1\\ 2 & 6 & 7 \end{bmatrix}. \begin{bmatrix} 8& -29 & 3\\ -5 & 19 & -2\\ 2 & -8 & 1 \end{bmatrix}= \begin{bmatrix} 1& 0 & 0\\ 0 & 1 & 0\\ 0 & 0& 1 \end{bmatrix}=I_3$
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