Physics Technology Update (4th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0-32190-308-0
ISBN 13: 978-0-32190-308-2

Chapter 17 - Phases and Phase Changes - Problems and Conceptual Exercises - Page 604: 25

Answer

$\mathrm{a}.\quad$unknowable $\mathrm{b}.\quad$false $\mathrm{c}.\quad$unknowable $\mathrm{d}.\quad$false $\mathrm{e}.\quad$true

Work Step by Step

The rms (root mean square) speed of the molecules in a gas at the Kelvin temperature $T$ is $v_{\mathrm{r}\mathrm{m}\mathrm{s}}=\sqrt{\frac{3kT}{m}}=\sqrt{\frac{3RT}{M}}\qquad( 17- 13 )$ --- $\mathrm{a}.$ To calculate pressure P, we need N, V and T ($PV=NkT$). We don't have enough information here. $\mathrm{b}.$ From 17-13, $\displaystyle \mathrm{T}=\frac{\mathrm{v}_{\mathrm{r}\mathrm{m}\mathrm{s}}^{2}\cdot \mathrm{m}}{3\mathrm{k}}$, so with v being constant, T and m are proportional. Hydrogen has less mass, so it has a smaller temperature (not higher). $\mathrm{c}.$ As stated in (a), pressure cannot be calculated. $\mathrm{d}.$ See part (b). Oxygen has greater mass, so it has a greater temperature (not equal). $\mathrm{e}.$ Yes, oxygen is at a higher temperature because it has a higher molecular mass (part b).
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