Physics Technology Update (4th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0-32190-308-0
ISBN 13: 978-0-32190-308-2

Chapter 17 - Phases and Phase Changes - Problems and Conceptual Exercises - Page 604: 22

Answer

$ a.\qquad$ less than $ b.\qquad$ III is best

Work Step by Step

The rms (root mean square) speed of the molecules in a gas at the Kelvin temperature $T$ is $v_{\mathrm{r}\mathrm{m}\mathrm{s}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{3kT}{m}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{3RT}{M}}\qquad( 17- 13 )$ --- $a.$ Interpreting the formula, with temperature being equal, $v_{\mathrm{r}\mathrm{m}\mathrm{s}}\ \ $is inversely proportional to the square root of mass. Oxygen molecules, having more mass, have smaller $v_{\mathrm{rms}}.$ $b.$ I is incorrect, as we found the speed to be smaller. II is incorrect because temperature relates to kinetic energy, not speed alone. III is best.
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