Calculus, 10th Edition (Anton)

Published by Wiley
ISBN 10: 0-47064-772-8
ISBN 13: 978-0-47064-772-1

Chapter 6 - Exponential, Logarithmic, And Inverse Trigonometric Functions - 6.5 L'Hopital's Rule; Indeterminate Forms - Exercises Set 6.5 - Page 448: 31

Answer

$$0$$

Work Step by Step

$$\eqalign{ & \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \left( {\csc x - \frac{1}{x}} \right) \cr & {\text{Evaluating}} \cr & \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \left( {\csc x - \frac{1}{x}} \right) = \frac{1}{{\sin 0}} - \frac{1}{0} = \infty - \infty \cr & {\text{Where }}\csc x - \frac{1}{x} = \frac{1}{{\sin x}} - \frac{1}{x} = \frac{{x - \sin x}}{{x\sin x}},{\text{ then}} \cr & \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \left( {\csc x - \frac{1}{x}} \right) = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \left( {\frac{{x - \sin x}}{{x\sin x}}} \right) \cr & \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{{x - \sin x}}{{x\sin x}} = \frac{0}{0} \cr & {\text{Using the L'Hopital's rule}} \cr & \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{{x - \sin x}}{{x\sin x}} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{{\frac{d}{{dx}}\left[ {x - \sin x} \right]}}{{\frac{d}{{dx}}\left[ {x\sin x} \right]}} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{{1 - \cos x}}{{x\cos x + \sin x}} \cr & \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{{1 - \cos x}}{{x\cos x + \sin x}} = \frac{0}{0} \cr & = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{{\frac{d}{{dx}}\left[ {1 - \cos x} \right]}}{{\frac{d}{{dx}}\left[ {x\cos x + \sin x} \right]}} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{{\sin x}}{{\cos x - x\sin x + \cos x}} \cr & = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{{\sin x}}{{2\cos x - x\sin x}} \cr & {\text{Evaluating}} \cr & \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{{\sin x}}{{2\cos x - x\sin x}} = \frac{0}{2} = 0 \cr & {\text{Therefore,}} \cr & \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \left( {\csc x - \frac{1}{x}} \right) = 0 \cr} $$
Update this answer!

You can help us out by revising, improving and updating this answer.

Update this answer

After you claim an answer you’ll have 24 hours to send in a draft. An editor will review the submission and either publish your submission or provide feedback.