University Physics with Modern Physics (14th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321973615
ISBN 13: 978-0-32197-361-0

Chapter 33 - The Nature and Propagation of Light - Problems - Discussion Questions - Page 1104: Q33.24

Answer

See explanation.

Work Step by Step

At night, the cooler air near the ground results in slower sound waves, which makes the air akin to a high index of refraction material. Sound waves heading upward will bend away from the normal/vertical when they encounter the interface with warmer air above, because the sound waves travel faster there. This bending is back downward, toward the Earth. In other words, sound waves that might otherwise have escaped the atmosphere are instead refracted down, enabling a faraway listener to hear them.
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