Physics: Principles with Applications (7th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0-32162-592-7
ISBN 13: 978-0-32162-592-2

Chapter 14 - Heat - General Problems - Page 411: 62

Answer

$112.6^\circ\rm C$

Work Step by Step

Since we are dealing with emitting energy by radiation, so we can use the power formula of $$P_{w1}=\left(\dfrac{Q}{t}\right)_{1}=\epsilon \sigma A\left[T_1^4-T_{room}^4\right]$$ Where 1 refers to the first lightbulb of 75-W. And since $90\%$ of energy emitted is heat, so $$0.9P_{w1} =\epsilon \sigma A\left[T_1^4-T_{room}^4\right]\tag 1$$ Solving for $\epsilon \sigma A$ for the bulb. $$\epsilon \sigma A=\dfrac{0.9P_{w1}}{ \left[T_1^4-T_{room}^4\right]}$$ Plugging the known and remember to convert the units of temperatures to kelvin. $$\epsilon \sigma A=\dfrac{0.9\cdot 75}{ \left[348^4-291^4\right]}$$ $$\epsilon \sigma A=9.0056\times10^{-9}\;\rm W/K^4\tag 2$$ Using equation (1) for the second bulb to solve for $T_2$; $$0.9P_{w2} =\epsilon \sigma A\left[T_2^4-T_{room}^4\right] $$ $$\dfrac{0.9P_{w2}}{\epsilon \sigma A} = T_2^4-T_{room}^4 $$ $$T_2^4=\dfrac{0.9P_{w2}}{\epsilon \sigma A} +T_{room}^4 $$ $$T_2 =\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{0.9P_{w2}}{\epsilon \sigma A} +T_{room}^4 }$$ Plugging the known and from (2); $$T_2 =\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{0.9\cdot 150}{9.0056\times10^{-9}} +291^4}=\bf 385.8\;\rm K$$ Therefore, $$T_2=\bf112.6^\circ\rm C$$
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