Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 9 - Impulse and Momentum - Exercises and Problems - Page 243: 55

Answer

$16.3\;\rm m/s$

Work Step by Step

To find its final velocity at $t=2$ s we need to use the impulse-momentum theorem. $$\Delta p_x=J_x$$ where the impulse is given by $$J_x=\int F_xdt$$ and $$\Delta p_x=m v_{fx}-mv_{ix} $$ Thus, $$m v_{fx}-mv_{ix} =\int_{-2}^{2} F_xdt$$ Solving for $v_{fx}$ $$ v_{fx} =\dfrac{mv_{ix}+\int_{-2}^{2} F_xdt}{m}= v_{ix}+\dfrac{1}{m}\int_{-2}^{2} F_xdt$$ Plugging $F_x$ formula from the problem's text. $$ v_{fx} = v_{ix}+\dfrac{1}{m}\int_{-2}^{2} (4-t^2)dt$$ $$ v_{fx} = v_{ix}+\dfrac{1}{m}\left[4t-\dfrac{t^3}{3}\right]_{-2}^2$$ $$ v_{fx} = v_{ix}+\dfrac{1}{m}\left[\left( 4(2)-\dfrac{(2)^3}{3}\right)-\left(4(-2)-\dfrac{(-2)^3}{3}\right)\right] $$ $$ v_{fx} = v_{ix}+\dfrac{32}{3m} $$ Plugging the known; $$ v_{fx} = -5 +\dfrac{32}{3\times 0.5}=\color{red}{\bf 16.3}\;\rm m/s $$
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