Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 11 - Work - Exercises and Problems - Page 306: 63

Answer

a) $78\;\rm J$ b) $1.3\;\rm W$

Work Step by Step

a) We know that the prssure is given by $$P=\dfrac{F}{A}\tag 1$$ where $F$ is the force and $A$ is the area which, in our case, is the cross-sectional area of a tube. We also know that the work is given by $$W=FL$$ where $L$ here is the length of the tube. Hence, $$F=\dfrac{W}{L}$$ Plugging into (1); $$P=\dfrac{W}{AL}$$ Now we know that $L$ is the length of the tube (which is the circular system) and is $A$ its cross-sectional area; where its volume is given by $V=AL$. Thus, $$P=\dfrac{W}{V}$$ Hence, the work done by the heart is given by $$W=PV$$ Plugging the known; $$W=1.3\times 10^4\times 6\times 10^{-3}$$ $$W=\color{red}{\bf 78}\;\rm J$$ --- b) We know that the power output is given by $$P=\dfrac{W}{\Delta t}$$ where $P$ here is power not the pressure. Thus, the power output during one minute is $$P=\dfrac{78}{60}$$ $$P=\color{red}{\bf 1.3}\;\rm W$$
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