Answer
The processes a) and c) are spontaneous.
Work Step by Step
Processes that can take place without outside intervention are spontaneous processes. Processes a) and c) occur without need for outside intervention. So, they are spontaneous.
Chemistry: Molecular Approach (4th Edition)
by Tro, Nivaldo J.
Published by
Pearson
ISBN 10:
0134112830
ISBN 13:
978-0-13411-283-1
Chapter 18 - Exercises - Page 880: 27
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