Answer
See explanation
Work Step by Step
Predicted stable ions and their radii (from largest to smallest):
Ga³⁺ (largest radius): Ga loses 3 valence electrons to achieve a noble gas electron configuration.
K⁺: K loses 1 valence electron to achieve a noble gas electron configuration.
Ca²⁺: Ca loses 2 valence electrons to achieve a noble gas electron configuration.
Na⁺: Na loses 1 valence electron to achieve a noble gas electron configuration.
Mg²⁺: Mg loses 2 valence electrons to achieve a noble gas electron configuration.
Al³⁺: Al loses 3 valence electrons to achieve a noble gas electron configuration.
S²⁻: S gains 2 electrons to achieve a noble gas electron configuration.
Cl⁻ (smallest radius): Cl gains 1 electron to achieve a noble gas electron configuration.
The radii vary as they do because as ions lose electrons, their effective nuclear charge increases, leading to a decrease in size. As ions gain electrons, their effective nuclear charge decreases, leading to an increase in size. The trend follows the periodic table's atomic radius trend
