Chemistry (7th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321943171
ISBN 13: 978-0-32194-317-0

Chapter 1 - Chemical Tools: Experimentation and Measurement - Worked Example - Page 7: 1

Answer

(a) Scientific notation: $5 \times 10^{-9}$ $m$ Appropriate prefix: $5$ $nm$ (b) Scientific notation: $4.0075017 \times 10^{7}$ $m$ Appropriate prefix: $40.075017$ $Mm

Work Step by Step

\geq\frac{x}{y}(a) To write the quantity in scientific notation, we have to move the decimal point to the right of the first number different number. In 0.000000005, this number is "5"; therefore, we should put the decimal point to the right of it. 5. Notice that we had to move the point by 9 times to the right; therefore, we should put a "$\times 10^{-9}$" at the end. $5 \times 10^{-9}$ $m$ Now, identify the closest prefix to $10^{-9}$: it is nano "n." Therefore: $5$ $nm$ (nanometers) (b) In 40,075,017 the first non-neutral number is "4"; therefore, we should put the decimal point between it and the zero. $4.0075017$. Notice that we moved the decimal point by 7 times to the left; therefore, we should put a "$\times 10^7$" at the end. $4.0075017 \times 10^{7}$ $m$ Identify the closest prefix to $10^7$; it is mega "M", which has the value of $10^6$. Therefore: $4.0075017 \times \frac{10^7}{10^6}$ $Mm$ (Megameters) $4.0075017 \times 10$ $Mm$ (Megameters) $40.075017$ $Mm$ (Megameters)
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