Life: The Science of Biology 11th Edition

Published by W. H. Freeman
ISBN 10: 1-31901-016-4
ISBN 13: 978-1-31901-016-4

Chapter 16 - Regulation of Gene Expression - 16.2 - Eukaryotic Gene Expression Is Regulated by Transcription Factors - 16.2 Recap - Learning Outcomes - Page 345: 1

Answer

Transcription factors are proteins that are responsible for turning specific genes "on" or "off" by attaching to nearby DNA. Those that can boost a gene's transcription are called activators, and those that reduce transcription are called repressors. Transcription factors operate by binding to an area close to the gene's promotor, where the DNA loops around to bring binding sites and transcription factors close to transcription factors, also called "mediator" proteins.

Work Step by Step

Transcription factors are proteins that are responsible for turning specific genes "on" or "off" by attaching to nearby DNA. Those that can boost a gene's transcription are called activators, and those that reduce transcription are called repressors. Transcription factors operate by binding to an area close to the gene's promotor, where the DNA loops around to bring binding sites and transcription factors close to transcription factors, also called "mediator" proteins.
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