Answer
When an archaeologist enters a formerly occupied area, he/she confronts a space that would possibly take an unavailable amount of funding to excavate randomly or even systematically--square foot by square foot. Archeologists know that people carry out the rituals and routines of life in special areas of any inhabited space --village, town or city. Targeting those spaces vastly improves the chances of archaelogical success and reduces expenditures of time and money.
Some such special areas of inhabited spaces are water sources, food resources, high plateaux (for protection), new caves, new digging holes, and mounds.
Work Step by Step
Aerial surveys often show patterns, complexes and arrangements not perceived from ground level, and infrared photography may reveal structures not picked up with regular visible light photography
