Answer
Labels;
a. Hypothalamus
b. Pituitary gland
c. Thyroids
d. Adrenals
e. Parathyroids
f. Thymus
g. Pancreas
h. Testis
i. Ovary
Work Step by Step
The endocrine system and the nervous system cooperate to regulate the activities of all the organs and systems of the body. Endocrine glands secrete their hormones and release them directly into the blood stream to be carried to target organs.
Hypothalamus: The hypothalamus is a neuroendocrine structure( belongs to both nervous and endocrine systems). It secretes hormones or factors that regulate the action of the anterior pituitary. These include both pituitary releasing factors and pituitary inhibiting hormones. In addition, the hypothalamus secretes two hormones which are stored in, and released by the posterior pituitary (PP)-- these are oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) .
Anterior Pituitary: The anterior pituitary secretes several hormones. These include thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), adrenocoticotropic hormone (ACTH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH) , growth hormone (GH/STH), and prolactin.
Thyroid: The thyroid gland produces triiodothryonine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) which stimulate the metabolic rate.
Calcitonin, a hormone that lowers blood calcium levels, is secreted by the parafollicular cells
of the thyroid.
Parathyroids : These glands secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH) which acts to increase serum levels of calcium. Parathyroid glands are attached to the thyroid.
Adrenals:
The adrenal medulla secretes the catecholamine hormones-- epinephrine and norepinephrine. These hormones-- also neurotransmitters-- affect heart beat (HR) blood pressure, blood glucose levels and muscle activity.
The cortex of the adrenals secretes three types of steroid hormones--glucocorticoids(cortisol) , mineralo- corticoids (aldosterone) and gonadocorticoids ( DHEA, androgens, and estrogens).
Pancreas: The pancreas is both an endocrine and an exocrine gland. Its endocrine functions are performed by the beta cells-- which secrete insulin--, and the alpha cells-- which secrete glucagon. Insulin increases glucose uptake by tissues( hypoglycemic action), while glucagon is hyperglycemic.
Testis: The testis is the male gonad. In addition to being responsible for spermatogenesis, it also secretes
androgens (testosterone) which are the male sex steroid hormones.
Ovary: Ovaries secrete estrogens and progesterone.
Thymus: This gland secretes thymosins. These hormones stimulate production and maturation of T-
lymphocytes.
