Answer
The two principal components of blood are:
(i) Plasma
(ii)Formed elements
Work Step by Step
Plasma:
• Plasma is the fluid component of blood
• The amount of plasma is equal to 55% of total blood volume
• Plasma contains proteins known as Plasma proteins- Albumin, Globulin, Fibrinogen
• Albumin plays an important role in maintaining osmotic pressure
• Globulin is responsible for protection of body
• Fibrinogen plays an important role in blood coagulation and contributes to viscosity of Plasma
• Plasma without fibrinogen is known as Serum. It has wide range of clinical applications
Formed elements:
• It constitutes 45% of total blood volume
• These are formed in bone marrow
• Formed elements are of three types- Erythrocytes(RBC), Leucocytes (WBC), Thrombocytes (Platelets)
• RBCs contain hemoglobin and it transports oxygen and carbon-dioxide
• WBCs protect body from foreign antigens
• WBCs are of two types- Granulocytes and Agranulocytes
• Granulocytes- Basophils, Neutrophils, Eosinophils
• Agranulocytes- Lymphocytes and Monocytes
• Platelets are involved in blood clotting mechanism