Chapter 17 - Section 17.2 - Study Guide - Assess Your Learning Outcomes - Page 669: 5

Here are six hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary, along with their abbreviations, target organs, and functions: 1. **Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH):** - Abbreviation: ACTH - Target Organ: Adrenal Cortex - Function: Stimulates the adrenal cortex to release glucocorticoid hormones, such as cortisol. These hormones are involved in stress response, metabolism, immune function, and maintaining blood glucose levels. 2. **Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH):** - Abbreviation: TSH - Target Organ: Thyroid Gland - Function: Stimulates the thyroid gland to produce and release thyroid hormones (T3 and T4), which regulate metabolism, energy production, and growth. 3. **Luteinizing Hormone (LH):** - Abbreviation: LH - Target Organs: Ovaries (in females) and Testes (in males) - Function: In females, LH triggers ovulation and stimulates the formation of the corpus luteum, which produces progesterone. In males, LH stimulates the Leydig cells in the testes to produce testosterone. 4. **Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH):** - Abbreviation: FSH - Target Organs: Ovaries (in females) and Testes (in males) - Function: In females, FSH plays a role in the development of ovarian follicles and the production of estrogen. In males, FSH stimulates the Sertoli cells in the testes, supporting sperm production. 5. **Prolactin (PRL):** - Abbreviation: PRL - Target Organs: Mammary Glands - Function: Stimulates milk production (lactation) in mammary glands following childbirth. Prolactin levels are regulated by a delicate balance between inhibitory and stimulatory factors. 6. **Growth Hormone (GH):** - Abbreviation: GH - Target Organs: Liver, Muscles, Bones, and Other Tissues - Function: Promotes growth, cell reproduction, and regeneration. It stimulates the liver to produce insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), which are responsible for the growth-promoting effects of GH. GH also affects metabolism and helps maintain muscle and bone health. These hormones play essential roles in regulating various physiological processes in the body, including growth, metabolism, reproduction, stress response, and more. Their secretion is influenced by the hypothalamic releasing and inhibiting hormones, creating a tightly controlled feedback system that maintains hormone balance and proper bodily functions.

Here are six hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary, along with their abbreviations, target organs, and functions: 1. **Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH):** - Abbreviation: ACTH - Target Organ: Adrenal Cortex - Function: Stimulates the adrenal cortex to release glucocorticoid hormones, such as cortisol. These hormones are involved in stress response, metabolism, immune function, and maintaining blood glucose levels. 2. **Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH):** - Abbreviation: TSH - Target Organ: Thyroid Gland - Function: Stimulates the thyroid gland to produce and release thyroid hormones (T3 and T4), which regulate metabolism, energy production, and growth. 3. **Luteinizing Hormone (LH):** - Abbreviation: LH - Target Organs: Ovaries (in females) and Testes (in males) - Function: In females, LH triggers ovulation and stimulates the formation of the corpus luteum, which produces progesterone. In males, LH stimulates the Leydig cells in the testes to produce testosterone. 4. **Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH):** - Abbreviation: FSH - Target Organs: Ovaries (in females) and Testes (in males) - Function: In females, FSH plays a role in the development of ovarian follicles and the production of estrogen. In males, FSH stimulates the Sertoli cells in the testes, supporting sperm production. 5. **Prolactin (PRL):** - Abbreviation: PRL - Target Organs: Mammary Glands - Function: Stimulates milk production (lactation) in mammary glands following childbirth. Prolactin levels are regulated by a delicate balance between inhibitory and stimulatory factors. 6. **Growth Hormone (GH):** - Abbreviation: GH - Target Organs: Liver, Muscles, Bones, and Other Tissues - Function: Promotes growth, cell reproduction, and regeneration. It stimulates the liver to produce insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), which are responsible for the growth-promoting effects of GH. GH also affects metabolism and helps maintain muscle and bone health. These hormones play essential roles in regulating various physiological processes in the body, including growth, metabolism, reproduction, stress response, and more. Their secretion is influenced by the hypothalamic releasing and inhibiting hormones, creating a tightly controlled feedback system that maintains hormone balance and proper bodily functions.