Trigonometry (10th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321671775
ISBN 13: 978-0-32167-177-6

Chapter 8 - Complex Numbers, Polar Equations, and Parametric Equations - Section 8.4 De Moivre's Theorem: Powers and Roots of Complex Numbers - 8.4 Exercises - Page 378: 63

Answer

The roots have this form: $cos~\theta+i~sin~\theta$ where $\theta = 0, \frac{360^{\circ}}{n}, \frac{(360^{\circ})(2)}{n}, \frac{(360^{\circ})(3)}{n}, \frac{(360^{\circ})(4)}{n},..., \frac{(360^{\circ})(n-1)}{n}$ We can see that solutions of this form will be equally spaced around with an angle of $\frac{360^{\circ}}{n}$ between each successive solution.

Work Step by Step

$z = 1+0~i$ $z = cos~0^{\circ}+i~sin~0^{\circ}$ $r = 1$ and $\theta = 0^{\circ}$ We can use this equation to find the n-th roots: $z^{1/n} = r^{1/n}~[cos(\frac{\theta}{n}+\frac{360^{\circ}~k}{n})+i~sin(\frac{\theta}{n}+\frac{360^{\circ}~k}{n})]$, where $k \in \{0, 1, 2,...,n-1\}$ The roots have this form: $z^{1/n} = 1^{1/n}~[cos(\frac{0^{\circ}}{n}+\frac{360^{\circ}~k}{n})+i~sin(\frac{0^{\circ}}{n}+\frac{360^{\circ}~k}{n})]$, where $k \in \{0, 1, 2,...,n-1\}$ $z^{1/n} = 1~[cos(\frac{360^{\circ}~k}{n})+i~sin(\frac{360^{\circ}~k}{n})]$, where $k \in \{0, 1, 2,...,n-1\}$ The roots have this form: $cos~\theta+i~sin~\theta$ where $\theta = 0, \frac{360^{\circ}}{n}, \frac{(360^{\circ})(2)}{n}, \frac{(360^{\circ})(3)}{n}, \frac{(360^{\circ})(4)}{n},..., \frac{(360^{\circ})(n-1)}{n}$ We can see that solutions of this form will be equally spaced around with an angle of $\frac{360^{\circ}}{n}$ between each successive solution.
Update this answer!

You can help us out by revising, improving and updating this answer.

Update this answer

After you claim an answer you’ll have 24 hours to send in a draft. An editor will review the submission and either publish your submission or provide feedback.