Precalculus: Concepts Through Functions, A Unit Circle Approach to Trigonometry (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0-32193-104-1
ISBN 13: 978-0-32193-104-7

Chapter 8 - Polar Coordinates; Vectors - Section 8.5 The Dot Product - 8.5 Assess Your Understanding - Page 636: 17

Answer

$a=\dfrac{2}{3}$

Work Step by Step

Let us consider two vectors $v=pi+qj$ and $w=xi+yj$. The dot product is given as: $v \cdot w=(pi+qj) \cdot (xi+yj) =px+qy$ We know that when the dot product between the two vectors is $0$, then they are perpendicular or orthogonal. This means that the angle between the two vectors is $90^{\circ}$. In our case, we have the vectors: $v=i-aj$ and $ w=2i+3j$ Since, both vectors are orthogonal, then $v \cdot w=0$ $v \cdot w=(i-aj) \cdot (2i+3j) =0 \implies (1)(2) +(-a)(3) \\=0 \\ \implies 2-3a =0 \\ \implies a=\dfrac{2}{3}$
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