Chapter 4 - Inverse, Exponential, and Logarithmic Functions - 4.4 Evaluation Logarithms and the Change-of-Base Theorem - 4.4 Exercises - Page 458: 70

$1590$ (million) over estimated by 2 million.

For year 2012, we have $x=2012-2008=4$, use the given model, we have: $f(4)=1458+95.42ln(4)\approx1590$ (in millions) Compared to the actual number of 1588 million, we found that it is over estimated the number by 2 million.