Precalculus (6th Edition) Blitzer

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0-13446-914-3
ISBN 13: 978-0-13446-914-0

Chapter 5 - Section 5.3 - Double-Angle, Power-Reducing, and Half-Angle Formulas - Exercise Set - Page 683: 106

Answer

See the explanation below.

Work Step by Step

Let us consider the left-hand side of the given expression: ${{\sin }^{3}}x+{{\cos }^{3}}x$ So, according to the algebraic formula, which is, ${{a}^{3}}+{{b}^{3}}=\left( a+b \right)\left( {{a}^{2}}+{{b}^{2}}-ab \right)$, ${{\sin }^{3}}x+{{\cos }^{3}}x$ can be written as: ${{\sin }^{3}}x+{{\cos }^{3}}x=\left( \sin x+\cos x \right)\left( {{\sin }^{2}}x+{{\cos }^{2}}x-\sin x\cos x \right)$ Now, apply the Pythagorean identity, that is ${{\sin }^{2}}x+{{\cos }^{2}}x=1$ to further simplify the expression as given below: ${{\sin }^{3}}x+{{\cos }^{3}}x=\left( \sin x+\cos x \right)\left( 1-\sin x\cos x \right)\text{ }$ Then, multiply and divide the expression $\sin x\cos x$ by $2$: $\begin{align} & {{\sin }^{3}}x+{{\cos }^{3}}x=\left( \sin x+\cos x \right)\left( 1-\frac{2}{2}\sin x\cos x \right) \\ & =\left( \sin x+\cos x \right)\left( 1-\frac{2\sin x\cos x}{2} \right)\text{ } \end{align}$ One of the double angle formulas is $\sin 2x=2\sin x\cos x$. Therefore, applying this formula, further simplification of the expression can be done as: ${{\sin }^{3}}x+{{\cos }^{3}}x=\left( \sin x+\cos x \right)\left( 1-\frac{\sin 2x}{2} \right)$ Thus, the left-hand side of the expression is equal to the right-hand side, which is ${{\sin }^{3}}x+{{\cos }^{3}}x=\left( \sin x+\cos x \right)\left( 1-\frac{\sin 2x}{2} \right)$.
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