Answer
a) All constants are positive.
b) $b$
c) $b$, $a$, $c$, $p$
d) $a=c$
e) $d$ and $q$
Work Step by Step
(a) All constants are positive.
(b) The constant $b$ is between 0 and 1 , because $y=a \cdot b^x$ represents a decreasing function.
(c) In addition to $b$, the constants $a, c, p$ could be between 0 and 1 .
(d) Since the curves $y=a \cdot b^x$ and $y=c \cdot d^x$ cross on the $y$-axis in the same point, we must have $a=c$.
(e) The values of $a$ and $p$ are not equal because curves cross the $y$ axis at different points. The values of $b$ and $d$ and, as well as, $b$ and $q$ cannot be equal as one is between $0$ 1nd $1$, while the other is greater than $1$.
However, $d$ and $q$ could be equal.