Thomas' Calculus 13th Edition

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0-32187-896-5
ISBN 13: 978-0-32187-896-0

Chapter 4: Applications of Derivatives - Section 4.4 - Concavity and Curve Sketching - Exercises 4.4 - Page 212: 4

Answer

Local minimum:$\quad (1,-\displaystyle \frac{27}{7})$ Local maximum:$\quad$ $(-1,\displaystyle \frac{27}{7})$ Inflection points:$\quad (0,0)$ Intervals where f is concave down:$\quad (-\infty,0)$ Intervals where f is concave up:$\quad (0,\infty)$

Work Step by Step

$y=f(x)=\displaystyle \frac{9}{14}x^{1/3}(x^{2}-7)=\frac{9}{14}x^{7/3}-\frac{9}{2}x^{1/3}$, defined everywhere. $f'(x)=\displaystyle \frac{9}{14}(\frac{7}{3})x^{4/3}-\frac{9}{2}(\frac{1}{3})x^{-2/3}$ $f'(x)=\displaystyle \frac{3x^{4/3}}{2}- \frac{3}{2x^{2/3}} = \frac{3x^{2}-3}{2x^{2/3}} = \frac{3(x^{2}-1)}{2x^{2/3}}$ undefined for $ x=0\qquad$ ... critical point $f'(x)=0$ for $ x=\pm 1\quad$ ... critical points. $f'(x)=\displaystyle \frac{3}{2}x^{2/3}-\frac{3}{2}x^{-2/3}$ $f''(x)=\displaystyle \frac{3}{2}\cdot\frac{2}{3}x^{-1/3}-\frac{3}{2}(-\frac{2}{3})x^{-5/3}$ $f''(x)= \displaystyle \frac{1}{x^{1/3}} + \frac{1}{x^{5/3}} = \frac{x^{2}+1}{x^{5/3}}$ $f''$ has no zeros, undefined at $x=0$, the only critical point. On $(-\infty,0),\ f''$ is negative, f is concave down, there is a local maximum at $x=-1 \in(-\infty,0)$. $f(-1)=\displaystyle \frac{27}{7}.$ On $(0,\infty),\ f''$ is positive, f is concave up, there is a local minimum at $x=1 \in(-\infty,0)$. $f(1)=-\displaystyle \frac{27}{7}.$ At $(0,0)$, the concavity changes: inflection point. Local minimum:$\quad (1,-\displaystyle \frac{27}{7})$ Local maximum:$\quad$ $(-1,\displaystyle \frac{27}{7})$ Inflection points:$\quad (0,0)$ Intervals where f is concave down:$\quad (-\infty,0)$ Intervals where f is concave up:$\quad (0,\infty)$
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