Calculus 8th Edition

Published by Cengage
ISBN 10: 1285740629
ISBN 13: 978-1-28574-062-1

Chapter 14 - Partial Derivatives - Review - Exercises - Page 1024: 55

Answer

Maximum value: $f(1,2)=4$ Minimum value: $f(2,4)=-64$

Work Step by Step

Second derivative test: Some noteworthy points to calculate the local minimum, local maximum and saddle point of $f$. 1. If $D(p,q)=f_{xx}(p,q)f_{yy}(p,q)-[f_{xy}(p,q)]^2 \gt 0$ and $f_{xx}(p,q)\gt 0$ , then $f(p,q)$ is a local minimum. 2.If $D(p,q)=f_{xx}(p,q)f_{yy}(p,q)-[f_{xy}(p,q)]^2 \gt 0$ and $f_{xx}(p,q)\lt 0$ , then $f(p,q)$ is a local maximum. 3. If $D(p,q)=f_{xx}(p,q)f_{yy}(p,q)-[f_{xy}(p,q)]^2 \lt 0$ , then $f(p,q)$ is a not a local minimum and local maximum or, a saddle point. Critical point are: $(0,-2)$ For $(x,y)=(1,2)$ $D=1 \gt 0$ ; and $f_{xx} =-4\lt 0$ Thus, when $D(p,q)=f_{xx}(p,q)f_{yy}(p,q)-[f_{xy}(p,q)]^2 \lt 0$ and $f_{xx}(p,q)\gt 0$ , then $f(p,q)$ is a local maximum. For $(x,y)=(2,4)$ $D=8 \gt 0$ ; and $f_{xx} =4\gt 0$ Thus, when $D(p,q)=f_{xx}(p,q)f_{yy}(p,q)-[f_{xy}(p,q)]^2 \gt 0$ and $f_{xx}(p,q)\gt 0$ , then $f(p,q)$ is a local minimum. Now, $f(1,2)=4xy^2-x^2y^2-xy^3=4(1)(2)^2-(1)^2(2)^2-(1)(2)^3=4$ and $f(2,4)=4xy^2-x^2y^2-xy^3=4(2)(4)^2-(2)^2(4)^2-(2)(4)^3=-64$ Therefore, we have Maximum value: $f(1,2)=4$ Minimum value: $f(2,4)=-64$
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