Differential Equations and Linear Algebra (4th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0-32196-467-5
ISBN 13: 978-0-32196-467-0

Chapter 1 - First-Order Differential Equations - 1.12 Chapter Review - Additional Problems - Page 109: 6

Answer

\[\frac{x^2-y^2}{x^2y^2}=K\]

Work Step by Step

$x^4+y^4=c$ ____(1) Differentiate (1) with respect to $x$ \[4x^3+4y^3\frac{dy}{dx}=0\] $\Large\frac{dy}{dx}=-\Large\frac{x^3}{y^3}$ ___(2) Replace $\Large\frac{dy}{dx}$ by $-\Large\frac{dx}{dy}$ in (2) [ For orthogonal trajectories] \[-\frac{dx}{dy}=-\frac{x^3}{y^3}\] Separating variables, \[x^{-3}dx=y^{-3}dy\] Integrating, \[\int x^{-3}dx=\int y^{-3}dy+C_{1}\] $C_{1}$ is constant of integration \[\frac{x^{-2}}{-2}=\frac{y^{-2}}{-2}+C_{1}\] \[\frac{1}{2y^2}-\frac{1}{2x^2}=C_{1}\] $\Large\frac{x^2-y^2}{x^2y^2}$=$K$, where $K=2C_{1}$ Hence orthogonal trajectories of (1) is $\Large\frac{x^2-y^2}{x^2y^2}$=$K$
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