Answer
See below.
Work Step by Step
We know that probability$=\frac{\text{number of favourable outcomes}}{\text{number of all outcomes}}.$ There are $33$ students in total.
a) $P(\text{freshman or female})=1-P(\text{sophomore and male})=1-\frac{8}{33}=\frac{25}{33}$.
b) $P(\text{sophomore or male})=1-P(\text{freshman and female})=1-\frac{8}{33}=\frac{25}{33}$.
