Answer
See graph
Between 124 day and 252 day.
Work Step by Step
Using a graphing utility, the graph of the model is as shown.
At $C=40$, is between
$t=123.86\approx124$ and $t=252.25\approx252$.
Thus, the time of the year when consumption exceeds $40$ gallons per day is between $124$ day and $252$ day.