Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 19 - Heat Engines and Refrigerators - Exercises and Problems - Page 551: 36

Answer

a) $ 3.63\times 10^6\;\rm J$ b) $ 3.05\times 10^5\;\rm J$

Work Step by Step

a) We know, for a Carnot cycle, that $$\eta_{\rm Carnot}=1-\dfrac{T_C}{T_H}=1-\dfrac{Q_C}{Q_H}$$ Thus, $$\dfrac{T_C}{T_H}=\dfrac{Q_C}{Q_H}$$ Hence, the heat exhausted into the room is given by $$Q_H=\dfrac{Q_CT_H}{T_C}\tag 1$$ Now we need to find $Q_C$ which is the heat exhausted to convert the 10-kg-0$ ^\circ\rm C$ water to ice. $$Q_C=mL_{\rm f}\tag 2$$ Plugging into (1); $$Q_H=\dfrac{mL_{\rm f}T_H}{T_C}\tag 3 $$ Plugging the known; $$Q_H=\dfrac{(10)(3.33\times 10^5)(25+273)}{0+273} $$ $$Q_H=\color{red}{\bf 3.63\times 10^6}\;\rm J$$ ---- b) The energy supplied needed to the refrigerator is given by $$W_{in}=Q_H-Q_C$$ Plugging from (2) and (3); $$W_{in}=\dfrac{mL_{\rm f}T_H}{T_C}-mL_{\rm f}=mL_{\rm f}\left[\dfrac{T_H}{T_C}-1\right]$$ Plugging the known; $$W_{in} =(10)(3.33\times 10^5)\left[\dfrac{25+273}{0+273}-1\right]$$ $$W_{in} =\color{red}{\bf3.05\times 10^5}\;\rm J$$
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