Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 19 - Heat Engines and Refrigerators - Exercises and Problems - Page 551: 32

Answer

$5.34\times 10^4\;\rm J$

Work Step by Step

We know that the heat energy exhausted $Q_H$ into the room by the water is given by $$W_{in}=Q_H-Q_C$$ Hence, $$Q_H=W_{in}+Q_C\tag 1$$ And we also know that the work is given by $$K=\dfrac{Q_C}{W_{in}}$$ where $K$ is the performance coefficient of a refrigerator. Hence, $$W_{in}=\dfrac{Q_C}{K}$$ Plugging into (1); $$Q_H=\dfrac{Q_C}{K}+Q_C$$ $$Q_H=Q_C\left[\dfrac{1}{K}+1\right]$$ where $K=4$, so $$Q_H=\frac{5}{4}Q_C\tag 2$$ Now we need to find $Q_C$ which is given in three stages since the water losses heat in these three stages: 1- cooling down from 15$^\circ$C to 0$^\circ$C. $$Q_{C1}=mc_{water}\Delta T_1$$ 2- converting to a piece of ice at 0$^\circ$C. $$Q_{C2}=mL_{\rm f}$$ 3- cooling down from 0$^\circ$C to -15$^\circ$C. $$Q_{C3}=mc_{ice}\Delta T_2$$ Thus, $$Q_C=Q_{C1}+Q_{C2}+Q_{C3}$$ $$Q_C=mc_{water}\Delta T_1+mL_{\rm f}+mc_{ice}\Delta T_2 $$ $$Q_C=m\left[c_{water}\Delta T_1+ L_{\rm f}+ c_{ice}\Delta T_2\right]\tag 3$$ Now we need to find the mass of the water which is given by $$\rho=\dfrac{m}{V}\;\;\;\;\rightarrow\;\;\;\;m=\rho V$$ Plugging into (3); $$Q_C=\rho V\left[c_{water}\Delta T_1+ L_{\rm f}+ c_{ice}\Delta T_2\right]$$ Plugging into (2); $$Q_H=\frac{5}{4}\rho V\left[c_{water}\Delta T_1+ L_{\rm f}+ c_{ice}\Delta T_2\right]$$ Plugging the known; $$Q_H=\frac{5}{4}(1000)(100\times 10^{-6})\left[(4186)(15)+(3.33\times 10^5)+ (2090)(15)\right]$$ $$Q_H=\color{red}{\bf 5.34\times 10^4}\;\rm J$$
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