Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 19 - Heat Engines and Refrigerators - Exercises and Problems - Page 551: 44

Answer

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Work Step by Step

a) The needed electric power is given by $$P=\dfrac{W_{in}}{t}\tag 1$$ where $t$ is the time interval. The heat pump works as a refrigerator that cools down the outside and warmth the inside. So the coefficient of performance for this heat pump is given by $$K=\dfrac{Q_C}{W_{in}}$$ where $Q_C$ is the heat extracted from the cold reservoir. Hence, $$KW_{in}= Q_C \tag 2$$ And we know that $Q_H=Q_C+W_{in}$, so $Q_C=Q_H-W_{in}$ Plugging into (2); $$KW_{in}= Q_H-W_{in} $$ Thus, $$W_{in}(K+1)=Q_H$$ $$W_{in}=\dfrac{Q_H}{K+1}$$ Plugging into (1); $$P=\dfrac{Q_H}{t}\cdot \dfrac{1}{K+1} $$ Noting that we already know $Q_H/t=15\;\rm kJ/s$ Plugging the known; $$P=(15\times 10^3)\cdot \dfrac{1}{5+1} $$ $$P=\color{red}{\bf 2500}\;\rm W$$ --- b) The cost of using the electric heater in one month is given by $${\rm Cost}_1=Pt\times {\rm Price}$$ $${\rm Cost}_1=\rm \dfrac{15000\;J}{1\;s}\times (200\;\times 60^2\;s)\times \dfrac{\$1}{40\times 10^6\; J}=\$\color{red}{\bf 270}$$ The cost of using the heat pump in one month is given by $${\rm Cost}_2=Pt\times {\rm Price}$$ $${\rm Cost}_2=\rm \dfrac{2500\;J}{1\;s}\times (200\;\times 60^2\;s)\times \dfrac{\$1}{40\times 10^6\; J}=\$\color{red}{\bf 45}$$
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