Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 17 - Work, Heat, and the First Law of Thermodynamics - Exercises and Problems - Page 500: 70

Answer

$316 \;\rm K$

Work Step by Step

Since the air has no time to exchange heat with its surroundings, the air undergoes an adiabatic process. So, $$P_1V_1^\gamma=P_2V_2^\gamma$$ Hence, $$\dfrac{P_1}{P_2}=\left[ \dfrac{V_2}{V_1} \right]^\gamma$$ $$\dfrac{V_2}{V_1} =\left[ \dfrac{P_1}{P_2} \right]^\frac{1}{\gamma}\tag 1$$ Also, for an adiabatic process, $$T_1V_1^{\gamma-1}=T_2V_2^{\gamma-1}$$ Hence, $$\dfrac{T_2}{T_1}=\left[ \dfrac{V_1}{V_2} \right]^{\gamma-1}$$ Hence, $$ T_2=T_1\left[ \dfrac{V_1}{V_2} \right]^{\gamma-1}$$ Plugging from (1); $$ T_2=T_1\left[ \left[\dfrac{P_1}{P_2}\right]^\frac{-1}{\gamma} \right]^{\gamma-1}=T_1\left[ \dfrac{P_1}{P_2} \right]^{\frac{1-\gamma} {\gamma}}$$ Plugging the known; $$ T_2 =(0+273)\left[ \dfrac{60}{100} \right]^{\frac{1-1.4} {1.4}}$$ $$T_2=\color{red}{\bf 316}\;\rm K=\color{red}{\bf43}^\circ \;\rm C=\color{red}{\bf109}\;F $$
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