Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 17 - Work, Heat, and the First Law of Thermodynamics - Exercises and Problems - Page 499: 49

Answer

See the detailed answer below.

Work Step by Step

a) We know that the work done on the gas is given by $$W=-\int_i^fPdV$$ where $P$ is given by $PV=nRT$; Hence, $P=nRT/V$ $$W=-\int_{V_i}^{V_f}\dfrac{nRT}{V}dV$$ we know that the final volume is one-third the initial volume, we also know that the temperature during this process is constant. $$W=-nRT\int_{V_i}^{\frac{1}{3}V_i}\dfrac{dV}{V}=-nRT\ln( V)\bigg|\int_{V_i}^{{\frac{1}{3}V_i}}$$ $$W=-nRT\ln\left(\dfrac{\frac{1}{3} \color{red}{\bf\not} V_i}{ \color{red}{\bf\not} V_i}\right)$$ Plugging the known; $$W=-(2)(8.31)(30+273)\ln\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)$$ $$W=\color{red}{\bf 5.53\times 10^3}\;\rm J$$ --- b) when the pressure is constant, $$W=-\int_i^fPdV=-P\int_i^f dV$$ $$W=-P(\frac{1}{3}V_i-V_i)$$ $$W=\frac{2}{3}PV_i$$ where $V_i$ is given by $PV=nRT$; Hence, $V_i=nRT/P$ $$W=\frac{2}{3} \color{red}{\bf\not} P \dfrac{nRT_i}{ \color{red}{\bf\not} P}$$ $$W=\frac{2}{3}nRT_i$$ Plugging the known; $$W=\frac{2}{3}(2)(8.31) (30+273) $$ $$W=\color{red}{\bf 3.36\times 10^3}\;\rm J$$ _________________________________________________________________________ c) See the graph below. We have first an isothermal process then an isobaric process. We need to find the final pressure of the isothermal process, $$P_f=\dfrac{P_iV_i}{V_f}=\dfrac{3P_iV_i}{V_i}=3P_i=\bf 4.5\;\rm atm$$
Update this answer!

You can help us out by revising, improving and updating this answer.

Update this answer

After you claim an answer you’ll have 24 hours to send in a draft. An editor will review the submission and either publish your submission or provide feedback.