participle
a word formed from a verb (e.g. "to win") to create an adjective (e.g. "winning smile") or noun (e.g. "winner")
scold
to rebuke or admonish angrily
apprentice
an assistant or trainee who studies alongside someone with experience in a job or trade
commotion
a flurry of activity usually accompanied by loud noise
ruffle
to make disordered or disarranged, usually by using one's hand (e.g. he ruffled his hair)
solemn
a somber state of serious and sincere emotional reflection; formal; dignified
flushed
complexion reddened by a sudden rush of blood indicating emotional intensity
primer
a textbook covering entry-level knowledge
abandon
to give up either by choice or force
ponder
to think about something carefully, usually before a decision
