University Physics with Modern Physics (14th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321973615
ISBN 13: 978-0-32197-361-0

Chapter 20 - The Second Law of Thermodynamics - Problems - Exercises - Page 678: 20.25

Answer

$-6.311$ $J/K$

Work Step by Step

All the symbols used have the usual meaning. For an ideal gas, the internal energy ($U$) of the gas depends only on the temperature. In the isothermal process, the temperature was constant throughout. So during the process, there was no change in internal energy. That is, $\Delta U=0$ Work done on a gas is negative by convention. Thus, $\Delta W=-1850$ $J$ From the first law of thermodynamics: $\hspace{9mm} \Delta Q= \Delta U + \Delta W$ $\Longrightarrow \Delta Q=0+ \Delta W= \Delta W=-1850$ $J$ $\Longrightarrow \Delta Q=-1850$ $J$ ($Q=$ Heat) The system liberates $1850$ $J$ of heat. (by convention) The entropy change( $\Delta S$) of gas during the reversible process is: $\dfrac{\Delta Q}{T}$ $T=20.0 \hspace{0.5mm}{}^oC=293.15$ $K$ $\Delta S=\dfrac{-1850}{293.15}$ $J/K \simeq-6.311$ $J/K$
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