Answer
(a) greater than
(b) II
Work Step by Step
(a) We know that the change in temperature is inversely proportional to the specific heat. For a monoatomic gas, specific heat at constant volume is less than the specific heat at constant pressure. Therefore, the change in temperature of the gas is greater when the gas is heated at constant volume. Thus, if we add heat to the gas at constant volume, the change in temperature is greater than when the gas heated at constant pressure.
(b) We know that the best explanation is (II) -- that is, all the heat goes into raising the temperature when added at constant volume; none of it goes into mechanical work.
