Answer
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Work Step by Step
Pure silicon and germanium are poor conductors, but their electrical properties can be enhanced by introducing impurities into it. Here is the main difference between n-type and p-type semiconductors.
Si and Ge atoms have four electrons to share. We have 2 choices for the type of impurity atom to “dope” the Si/Ge with.
If the impurity is from Group V, i.e, has five electrons to share (such as arsenic), then the result is an n-type semiconductor. An extra electron has been inserted into the lattice, and the mobile charge carriers are electrons.
On the other hand, if the impurity element is from Group III, i.e., it has three electrons to share (such as boron), then the result is a p-type semiconductor. An extra hole (i.e., missing electron) has been inserted into the lattice. The mobile charge carriers are positive holes.
