Answer
$a = 5.90\times 10^{-3}~m/s^2$
Work Step by Step
We can write the expression for the force of gravity as:
$F_G = \frac{GM_sM_E}{r^2}$
We can use a force equation to find the acceleration of the earth toward the sun:
$F_G = M_E~a$
$\frac{GM_sM_E}{r^2} = M_E~a$
$a = \frac{GM_s}{r^2}$
$a = \frac{(6.67\times 10^{-11}~m^3 / kg~s^2)(1.99\times 10^{30}~kg)}{(1.50\times 10^{11}~m)^2}$
$a = 5.90\times 10^{-3}~m/s^2$
