Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 36 - Relativity - Exercises and Problems - Page 1100: 65

Answer

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Work Step by Step

$$\color{blue}{\bf [a]}$$ We know that the total energy of a particle is given by $$E^2=(mc^2)^2+(pc)^2\tag 1$$ where $p$ the momentum of the proton is given by $$p=\gamma\; mu$$ where $\gamma=\left[1-\frac{u^2}{c^2}\right]^{-1/2}=\left[1-\frac{0.99^2c^2}{c^2}\right]^{-1/2}=\frac{5}{3}=7.089$ $$p=7.089 (0.99 c)m $$ Plug the known; $$p=7.089 (0.99 )(3\times 10^8)(1.67\times 10^{-27}) $$ $$p=\color{red}{\bf 3.52\times 10^{-18}}\;\rm kg\cdot m/s$$ Plug into (1), $$E =\sqrt{m^2c^4+p^2c^2 }$$ $$E =\sqrt{(1.67\times 10^{-27}) ^2(3\times 10^8)^4+(3.52\times 10^{-18})^2(3\times 10^8)^2 }$$ $$E=\color{red}{\bf 1.067\times10^{-9}}\;\rm J$$ $$\color{blue}{\bf [b]}$$ We know that the rest energy of any particle is the same at any reference frame. So, $$E'^2=(mc^2)^2+p'^2c^2 $$ Solving for $p'$; $$p'=\sqrt{\dfrac{E'^2}{c^2}-m^2c^2}$$ Plug the known; $$p'=\sqrt{\dfrac{(5\times 10^{-10})^2}{(3\times 10^8)^2}-(1.67\times 10^{-27})^2(3\times 10^8)^2}$$ $$p'=\color{red}{\bf 1.59\times 10^{-18}}\;\rm kg\cdot m/s$$
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