Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 36 - Relativity - Exercises and Problems - Page 1098: 3

Answer

$145\;\rm m/s,\;15\;m/s$

Work Step by Step

Let's assume that the sprinter is moving from left to right. So we have here two references of frames, the sprinter frame $S'$ and the air which is the medium at which the sound moves through it (where air here is the stationary frame $S$). Let's assume that $v_1,v_1'$ are the speeds of sound from in front crowding, while $v_2,v_2'$ are the speeds of sound from behind crowding. See the figure below. Now we need to use the Galilean transformations of velocity. For the in-front sound, from the figure below, $$v_1'=v_1-v=-v_{\rm sound}-v$$ Plug the known; $$ -360=-v_{\rm sound}-v\tag 1$$ For the back sound, from the figure below, $$v_2'=v_2-v=v_{\rm sound}-v$$ Plug the known; $$ 330=-v_{\rm sound}-v\tag 2$$ (1) plus (2); $$-30=-2v$$ Thus, the velocity of the sprinter is $$v=\color{red}{\bf 15}\;\rm m/s$$ Plug into (1) to find the speed of the sound; $$ -360=-v_{\rm sound}-15$$ $$ v_{\rm sound}=360-15$$ $$ v_{\rm sound}=\color{red}{\bf 345}\;\rm m/s$$
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