Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 35 - AC Circuits - Exercises and Problems - Page 1052: 9

Answer

a) ${\bf8 0} \;\rm kHz$ b) ${\bf0}\;\rm V$

Work Step by Step

$$\color{blue}{\bf [a]}$$ We know, for a simple AC capacitor circuit, that $$I_C=\dfrac{V_C}{X_C}$$ where $X_C=1/\omega C$, so $$I_C= \omega C V_C $$ Recalling that $\omega=2\pi f$, so $$I_C= 2\pi f C V_C $$ Solving for the frequency $f$, $$f=\dfrac{I_C}{2\pi C V_C }$$ Plug the known; $$f=\dfrac{(50\times 10^{-3})}{2\pi (20\times 10^{-9})(5) }$$ $$f\approx \color{red}{\bf8 0} \;\rm kHz$$ $$\color{blue}{\bf [b]}$$ We know, for a simple AC capacitor circuit, that $$i_C=I_C\cos(\omega t+\frac{\pi}{2})$$ the $\pi/2$ is because the current leads the voltage through a capacitor by $\pi/2$ To have $i_C=I_C$, we must have $\cos(\omega t+\frac{\pi}{2})=1$ This occurs when $(\omega t+\frac{\pi}{2})=2\pi$ and for general cases, $2\pi n$ where $n=1,2,3,...$. Thus, $$\omega t=2\pi n-\dfrac{\pi}{2}=\dfrac{4\pi n-\pi}{2}=\dfrac{4n-1}{2}\pi$$ Hence, for $n=1,2,3,...$, $$\omega t= \frac{3}{2}\pi, \frac{7}{2}\pi, \frac{11}{2}\pi,...$$ Plug these values into $$v_C=V_C\cos(\omega t)=0\;\rm V$$ This is zero for all $\omega t$ values. So that the instantaneous value of the emf at the instant when $i_C=I_C$ is zero volt. $$v_C=\color{red}{\bf0}\;\rm V$$
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