Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 30 - Current and Resistance - Exercises and Problems - Page 888: 43

Answer

a) $ 6.56\times 10^{15}\;\rm Hz$ b) $1.05 \;\rm mA$

Work Step by Step

$$\color{blue}{\bf [a]}$$ According to Newton's second law, we know that the electric force exerted on the electron is given by $$F=m_ea_r$$ Hence, $$\dfrac{k_ee^2}{r^2}=m_e\dfrac{v^2}{r}$$ $$\dfrac{k_ee^2}{r }=m_e v^2 \tag 1$$ where $v=2\pi r /T$ where $T$ is the periodic time for one full circle around the proton. Recall that the frequency is reciprocal to the period $f=1/T$, so $v=2\pi r f$, Plug into (1); $$\dfrac{k_ee^2}{r }=m_e (2\pi r f)^2 $$ Solving for $f$; $$f=\sqrt{\dfrac{k_ee^2}{4\pi^2 m_e r^3}}$$ Plug the known; $$f=\sqrt{\dfrac{(9\times 10^9)(1.6\times 10^{-19})^2}{4\pi^2 (9.11\times 10^{-31})(0.053\times 10^{-9})^3}}$$ $$f=\color{red}{\bf 6.56\times 10^{15}}\;\rm Hz$$ $$\color{blue}{\bf [b]}$$ We know that the current is given by $$I=\dfrac{Q}{t}$$ So the effective current of the electron is given by the charge of the electron over the time of one full circle around the proton in the hydrogen atom. $$I=\dfrac{e}{T}$$ where $T=1/f$, so $$I=ef$$ Plug the known; $$I=(1.6\times 10^{-19})(6.56\times 10^{15})$$ $$I=\color{red}{\bf 1.05}\;\rm mA$$
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