Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 21 - Superposition - Exercises and Problems - Page 625: 75

Answer

$\rm 4.0\;cm,\;34.7\;cm,\;65.3\;cm$

Work Step by Step

First of all, we need to find the initial full length of the tube, $$L_i=2(80)+\frac{1}{2}(2\pi r)$$ where $\frac{1}{2}(2\pi r)$ is the circumference of a semicircle which is the length of the bent part of the tube. We can see that $r=\frac{10}{2}=5$ cm since the distance between the two ends is 10 cm which is, at the same time, the diameter of the semicircle part of the tube. Thus, $$L_i=160+ 5\pi =\bf 175.7\;\rm cm$$ Now the final length is then given by $$L = (\bf 2\it s+\bf 1.757 )\;\rm m\tag 1$$ To have a loud sound, we have to create a standing wave inside this open-open tube. The frequency in this case is given by $$f_m=\dfrac{mv}{2L}\tag {$m=1,2,3,...$}$$ Plugging from (1); $$f_m=\dfrac{mv}{2( 2 s+ 1.757 )} $$ Solving for $s$; $$2 s+ 1.757 =\dfrac{mv}{2 f_m} $$ $$2 s =\dfrac{mv}{2 f_m}-1.757 $$ $$ s =\dfrac{mv}{4 f_m}-\dfrac{1.757 }{2}$$ Plugging the known; $$ s =\dfrac{343m}{4 \cdot 280}-\dfrac{1.757 }{2}$$ At $m=1$, $$ s =\dfrac{343(1)}{4 \cdot 280}-\dfrac{1.757 }{2}=\bf -0.57\;\rm m $$ Dismissed since the extension must be greater than zero and less than 80 cm. At $m=2$, $$ s =\dfrac{343(2)}{4 \cdot 280}-\dfrac{1.757 }{2}=\bf -0.266\;\rm m $$ Dismissed since the extension must be greater than zero and less than 80 cm. At $m=3$, $$ s =\dfrac{343(3)}{4 \cdot 280}-\dfrac{1.757 }{2}=\bf 0.04025\;\rm m $$ $$s=\color{red}{\bf 4.0}\;\rm cm$$ At $m=4$, $$ s =\dfrac{343(4)}{4 \cdot 280}-\dfrac{1.757 }{2}=\bf 0.3465\;\rm m $$ $$s=\color{red}{\bf 34.65}\;\rm cm$$ At $m=5$, $$ s =\dfrac{343(5)}{4 \cdot 280}-\dfrac{1.757 }{2}=\bf 0.653\;\rm m $$ $$s=\color{red}{\bf 65.3}\;\rm cm$$ At $m=6$, $$ s =\dfrac{343(6)}{4 \cdot 280}-\dfrac{1.757 }{2}=\bf 0.959\;\rm m $$ Dismissed since the extension must be less than 80 cm. Therefore, we got only 3 slides that create a standing wave resonance which are the red results above.
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