Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 2 - Kinematics in One Dimension - Exercises and Problems - Page 68: 78

Answer

$120\rm\;m/s$

Work Step by Step

The car here has two stages of motion. The first stage is speeding up from rest at a constant rate for 9 seconds and then sowing down for 3 seconds (since the whole time to the judges' point is 12 s). In these two stages, the car travels 990 m. Finding $x_1$; $$x_1=\overbrace{ x_0}^{0} +\overbrace{ v_{0x}t_1}^{0} +\frac{1}{2}a_{x1}t_1^2$$ since the car accelerates from rest. $$x_1= \frac{1}{2}a_{x1}t_1^2= \frac{1}{2}a_{x1}\cdot 9^2$$ $$x_1=40.5a_{x1}\tag 1$$ Finding $x_2$; $$x_2=x_1+v_{x1}t_2+ \frac{1}{2}a_{x2}t_2^2$$ Plugging the known and $x_1$ from (1); $$990=40.5a_{x1}+3v_{x1} -\frac{1}{2}\cdot 5\cdot 3^2$$ $$1012.5=40.5a_{x1}+3v_{x1} \tag 3$$ Now we need to find the final velocity of the car at the end of the first stage. $$v_{x1}=v_{0x}+a_{x1}t_1=0+9a_{x1}\tag{Pluggin into (3)}$$ $$1012.5=40.5a_{x1}+27a_{x1} $$ Solving for $a_{x1}$; $$a_{x1}=\color{blue}{\bf 15}\;\rm m/s^2$$ And hence, $$v_{x1}=9\cdot 15=\color{blue}{\bf 135}\;\rm m/s$$ Thus, the final speed is given by $$v_{x2}=v_{x1}+a_{x2}t_2=135-(5\cdot 3)$$ $$v_{x2}=\color{magenta}{\bf120}\;\rm m/s$$
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