Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 15 - Fluids and Elasticity - Exercises and Problems - Page 439: 72

Answer

$\rm 5.28\times 10^4\;pa$

Work Step by Step

To find the needed oil pressure, we need to find the force exerted on the wheel (or the disk) to bring it to a stop. And to find the force needed (the kinetic friction force), we need to find the angular acceleration of the disk that brings it to a stop in 5 seconds. $\bullet$ The angular acceleration of the disk is given by $$\alpha =\dfrac{\omega_f-\omega_i}{t}$$ Plugging the given and remember to convert the initial angular speed of the wheel to rad/s from rpm. $$\alpha =\dfrac{0-\rm \left[\dfrac{900\;\rm rev}{1\;min}\right]\left[\dfrac{1\;min}{60\;s}\right]\left[\dfrac{2\pi\;rad}{1\;rev}\right]}{5\;\rm s}$$ $$\alpha= {\bf-6\pi}\;\rm rad/s\tag 1$$ $\bullet$ The force needed is given by $$\sum\tau_{disk}=-2f_kd=I\alpha$$ The 2 in front of the force of friction is due to the two forces exerted by the two brake pads. $I$ is the moment of inertia of a disk $\frac{1}{2}MR^2$ and $f_k=\mu_kF_n$ where $F_n$ is the normal force needed. $d$ is the distance from the axis of the disk to the pads. $$-2\mu_kF_nd=\left(\frac{1}{2}MR^2\right) \alpha$$ Plugging from (1); $$-2\mu_kF_nd=\left(\frac{1}{2}MR^2\right) (-6\pi) $$ Hence, $$F_n=\dfrac{3\pi MR^2}{2\mu_k d}\tag 2$$ $\bullet$ The oil pressure needed is given by $$P=\dfrac{F_n}{A}$$ where $A$ is the cross-sectional area of the brake pad. Plugging from (2); $$P=\dfrac{\dfrac{3\pi MR^2}{2\mu_k d}}{\pi r^2}$$ $$P= \dfrac{3\color{red}{\bf\not}\pi MR^2}{2\mu_k\color{red}{\bf\not} \pi r^2d} $$ $$P= \dfrac{3 MR^2}{2\mu_k r^2d} $$ Plugging the known; $$P= \dfrac{3 (15)(0.13)^2}{2(0.6)(0.01)^2(0.12)} $$ $$P=\color{red}{\bf 5.28\times 10^4}\;\rm Pa$$
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