Fundamentals of Physics Extended (10th Edition)

Published by Wiley
ISBN 10: 1-11823-072-8
ISBN 13: 978-1-11823-072-5

Chapter 29 - Magnetic Fields Due to Currents - Questions - Page 856: 11a

Answer

We can rank the arrangements according to the magnitude of the net force on wire A due to the currents in the other wires: $1 \gt 3 \gt 2$

Work Step by Step

We can write an expression for the force on a current-carrying wire due to another current-carrying wire: $F = \frac{\mu_0~L~i_1~i_2}{2\pi~d}$ According to the text on page 854: "Parallel wires carrying currents in the same direction attract each other, whereas parallel wires carrying currents in opposite directions repel each other." We can consider the net force on wire A in each situation: (1) The forces due to the other two wires is directed to the left. $F_{net} = \frac{\mu_0~L~i^2}{2\pi~d}+\frac{\mu_0~L~i^2}{2\pi~D}$ (2) The force due to the closer wire is directed to the right while the force due to the farther wire is directed to the left. $F_{net} = \frac{\mu_0~L~i^2}{2\pi~d}-\frac{\mu_0~L~i^2}{2\pi~D}$ (3) The force due to the closer wire is directed upward while the force due to the farther wire is directed to the left. $F_{net} = \sqrt{(\frac{\mu_0~L~i^2}{2\pi~d})^2+(\frac{\mu_0~L~i^2}{2\pi~D}})^2$ $\frac{\mu_0~L~i^2}{2\pi~d} \lt F_{net} \lt \frac{\mu_0~L~i^2}{2\pi~d}+\frac{\mu_0~L~i^2}{2\pi~D}$ We can rank the arrangements according to the magnitude of the net force on wire A due to the currents in the other wires: $1 \gt 3 \gt 2$
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