Answer
Ground State Electronic Configurations:
(a) Potassium
1$s^{2}$2$s^{2}$2$p^{6}$3$s^{2}$3$p^{6}$4$s^{1}$
(b) Arsenic
1$s^{2}$2$s^{2}$2$p^{6}$3$s^{2}$3$p^{6}$4$s^{2}$3$d^{10}$4$p^{3}$
(c) Aluminium
1$s^{2}$2$s^{2}$2$p^{6}$3$s^{2}$3$p^{1}$
(d) Germanium
1$s^{2}$2$s^{2}$2$p^{6}$3$s^{2}$3$p^{6}$4$s^{2}$3$d^{10}$4$p^{2}$
Work Step by Step
Ground state Electronic Configurations of elements are written in accordance to three rules, namely: Hund's Rule of maximum multiplicity, Pauli's exclusion Principle and Aufbau's Principle.
(a) Potassium has an atomic number of 19 and the distribution of the 19 electrons in accordance with the above three rules are 1$s^{2}$2$s^{2}$2$p^{6}$3$s^{2}$3$p^{6}$4$s^{1}$
(b) Arsenic has an atomic number of 33 and the distribution of the 33 electrons in accordance with the above three rules are
1$s^{2}$2$s^{2}$2$p^{6}$3$s^{2}$3$p^{6}$4$s^{2}$3$d^{10}$4$p^{3}$
(c) Aluminium has an atomic number of 13 and the distribution of the 13 electrons in accordance with the above three rules are
1$s^{2}$2$s^{2}$2$p^{6}$3$s^{2}$3$p^{1}$
(d) Germanium has an atomic number of 32 and the distribution of the 32 electrons in accordance with the above three rules are
1$s^{2}$2$s^{2}$2$p^{6}$3$s^{2}$3$p^{6}$4$s^{2}$3$d^{10}$4$p^{2}$
