Answer
See explanation below
Work Step by Step
1
(A) Refraction :
Definition :
When light of a particular wavelength passes from one medium to another, due to the difference in refractive indices of the two media, the speed of light changes. This phenomenon is called as Refraction of Light.
Example :
When light passes from air into a glass interface, it's speed changes due to Refraction.
2
(B) Diffraction :
Definition :
The bending of light at the edge of an interface or an object is termed as 'Diffraction of Light'.
Example :
The closely spaced tracks on a CD or DVD act as a diffraction grating to form the familiar rainbow pattern seen when looking at a disc.
3
(C) Dispersion :
Definition :
When white light passes through a prism, it gets spread into a band of 7 colours, which are the components of white light. This phenomenon is called as Dispersion.
Example :
When a single ray of light is made to pass through a prism, we can observe a rainbow spectrum on the other side of the prism. This is due to dispersion of light.
4
(D) Interference :
Definition :
The process by which two or more light waves or electromagnetic waves of the same frequency combine to reinforce or cancel each other is called interference of Light. When two light waves interfere, the amplitude of the resulting wave is equal to the Vector sum of the amplitudes of the combining waves.
Example :
As two water waves converge and combine, the resultant wave is an interference of the two interfering waves.
